$m_{H_2SO_4} = a.C\%(gam) \Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{a.C\%}{98}$

$m_{H_2O\ trong\ dd\ axit} = a - a.C\% \Rightarrow n_{H_2O} = \dfrac{a - a.C\%}{18}$

$2Na + H_2SO_4 \to Na_2SO_4 + H_2$
$Mg + H_2SO_4 \to MgSO_4 + H_2$
$2Na + 2H_2O \to 2NaOH + H_2$
Theo PTHH : 

$n_{H_2} = n_{H_2SO_4} + \dfrac{1}{2}n_{H_2O}$

$\Rightarrow \dfrac{0,05a}{2} = \dfrac{a.C\%}{98} + \dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{a - a.C\%}{18}$

$\Rightarrow C\% = 0,158 = 15,8\%$

$Zn + H_2SO_4 \to ZnSO_4 + H_2$

$n_{Zn} = n_{H_2} = \dfrac{1,12}{22,4} = 0,05(mol)$

$\%m_{Zn} = \dfrac{0,05.65}{5,25}.100\% = 61,9\%$

$\%m_{Cu} =1 00\% -61,9\% = 38,1\%$

Pthh:

\(Zn+H2SO4->ZnSO\text{4+H2}\)

\(nZn=nH2=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05mol\)

\(=>mZn=0,05.65=3,25g\)\(=>\%mZn=\dfrac{3,25}{5,25}.100\%=62\%\)

\(=>\%mCu=100-62=38\%\)

a) Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

PTHH: Mg + H₂SO₄ --> MgSO₄ + H₂

             a--->a---------->a-------->a

            Fe + H₂SO₄ --> FeSO₄ + H₂

             b--->b----------->b------>b

=> \(m_{H_2SO_4}=98a+98b\left(g\right)\)

=> \(m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{\left(98a+98b\right).100}{19,6}=500a+500b\left(g\right)\)

m_{dd sau pư} = 24a + 56b + 500a + 500b - 2a - 2b = 522a + 554b (g)

Có: \(C\%_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{152b}{522a+554b}.100\%=7,17\%\)

=> a = 3b

\(C\%_{MgSO_4}=\dfrac{120a}{522a+554b}.100\%=16,98\%\)

b)

Có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=3b\\24a+56b=1,92\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> a = 0,045; b = 0,015

\(n_{CuSO_4}=0,1.1=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Mg + CuSO₄ --> MgSO₄ + Cu

         0,045->0,045----->0,045

            Fe + CuSO₄ --> FeSO₄ + Cu

       0,015-->0,015----->0,015

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CuSO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,04\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgSO_4}=0,045\left(mol\right)\\n_{FeSO_4}=0,015\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M\left(CuSO_4\left(dư\right)\right)}=\dfrac{0,04}{0,1}=0,4M\\C_{M\left(MgSO_4\right)}=\dfrac{0,045}{0,1}=0,45M\\C_{M\left(FeSO_4\right)}=\dfrac{0,015}{0,1}=0,15M\end{matrix}\right.\)

Câu 1:

Đặt \(n_{Al}=x(mol);n_{Fe}=y(mol)\Rightarrow 27x+56y=0,83(1)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,56}{22,4}=0,025(mol)\\ 2Al+3H_2SO_4\to Al_2(SO_4)_3+3H_2\\ Fe+H_2SO_4\to FeSO_4+H_2\\ \Rightarrow 1,5x+y=0,025(2)\\ (1)(2)\Rightarrow x=y=0,01(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Al}=\dfrac{0,01.27}{0,83}.100\%=32,53\%\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Fe}=100\%-32,53\%=67,47\%\)

Câu 2:

Đặt \(n_{Al}=x(mol);n_{Mg}=y(mol)\Rightarrow 27x+24y=4,5(1)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,04}{22,4}=0,225(mol)\\ 2Al+3H_2SO_4\to Al_2(SO_4)_3+3H_2\\ Mg+H_2SO_4\to MgSO_4+H_2\\ \Rightarrow 1,5x+y=0,225(2)\\ (1)(2)\Rightarrow x=0,1(mol);y=0,075(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Al}=\dfrac{0,1.27}{4,5}.100\%=60\%\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Mg}=100\%-60\%=40\%\)

Dạng PP hai dòng:

\(PTHH:2A+Cl_2\to 2ACl\\ \Rightarrow n_A=n_{ACl}\\ \Rightarrow \dfrac{9,2}{M_A}=\dfrac{23,4}{M_A+35,5}\\ \Rightarrow M_A=23(g/mol)\)

Vậy A là natri

Nếu số lít SO2 =12.32 thì số mol sẽ là 0.55 nên Kl Cu =35.2(g).Không phù hợp yêu cầu của đề bài.

ca 3 cai fe cu va al deu td voi axit h2s04 dac nong